Powershell for Developers
Presentation to the Dot.Net Usergroup Bremen9 July 2008
Peter Hahndorf
Solution Architect
Hahndorf Consulting
http://peter.hahndorf.eu
Solution Architect
Hahndorf Consulting
http://peter.hahndorf.eu
Agenda
- Requirements
- The Basics
- Functions, Scripts and Profiles
- COM, WMI and Dot.Net
- Examples
- Building Cmdlets
- Extensions
- Preview of Version 2.0
- Resources
Requirements
- Requires .Net 2.0 but doesn't run on Windows 2000
- 32 and 64 bit Versions, not all extensions run under 64 Bit
- Different downloads for XP, Windows 2003 and Vista.
Included in Server 2008
The Basics
Keyboard
TAB, F7
Commands
Command -parameter1 -parameter2 argument1 argument2
Arguments are parameters to real parameters
Always verb-noun combinations, so no
dir or copy but
get-childitems and copy-item.
Aliases
dir, ls are aliases for get-childitems.
get-alias | sort name
Help
get-help Get-History [-detailed] [-full]
get-command
Get-Process | get-member
get-command
Get-Process | get-member
Providers and drives
Filesystem, Registry are builtin, as extensions: Exchange mailboxes, IIS sites etc.
get-psdrive
set-location HKLM:
sl hkcu: ls, cd into stuff
sl Function:
sl C:
You can add your own drives as subset of existing ones, or even write your own providers for your application.
set-location HKLM:
sl hkcu: ls, cd into stuff
sl Function:
sl C:
You can add your own drives as subset of existing ones, or even write your own providers for your application.
Piping
Passing output as input to other commands. Everything is an object
get-process
get-process | where {$_.ProcessName -eq 'Powershell'}
get-process | where {$_.ProcessName -eq 'Powershell'} | select ProcessName, CPU
get-childitem | where {$_.Name -like '*.exe'}
get-childitem | where {$_.Name -like 'zip.exe'}
get-childitem | where {$_.Name -like 'zip.exe'} | select *
get-childitem | where {$_.Name -like 'zip.exe'} | get-member
get-childitem | where {$_.Name -like 'zip.exe'} | get-member | where {$_.Name -eq 'FullName' } | select * | fl
get-process | where {$_.ProcessName -eq 'Powershell'}
get-process | where {$_.ProcessName -eq 'Powershell'} | select ProcessName, CPU
get-childitem | where {$_.Name -like '*.exe'}
get-childitem | where {$_.Name -like 'zip.exe'}
get-childitem | where {$_.Name -like 'zip.exe'} | select *
get-childitem | where {$_.Name -like 'zip.exe'} | get-member
get-childitem | where {$_.Name -like 'zip.exe'} | get-member | where {$_.Name -eq 'FullName' } | select * | fl
Variables
$variableName, $_
$myName = "Peter"
Write-Host $myName
Write-Host $myName.Replace("P","X")
$myName = "Peter"
Write-Host $myName
Write-Host $myName.Replace("P","X")
Functions, Scripts and Profiles
Functions
function demo {Write-Host "Hello $Args"}
demo "World"
demo "World"
Scripts
Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned
Textfiles with *.ps1 extension
Textfiles with *.ps1 extension
Profiles
Start when Powershell starts:
Per user:
Per machine:
Per user:
%UserProfile%\(My )Documents\WindowsPowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1Per machine:
%windir%\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\ Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1COM, WMI and Dot.Net
COM
Access all the COM goodness on your machine; Windows, Office, your own stuff
$ie = new-object -com "InternetExplorer.Application"
$ie.visible = $true
$ie.Navigate2("http://ix.de")
$ie.visible = $true
$ie.Navigate2("http://ix.de")
WMI
Some things are only available through Windows Management Instrumentation
Get-WmiObject -class Win32_LogicalDisk | sort -desc Size | select -first 5 DeviceID, VolumeName, Size | format-table -autosize
Dot.Net
All the things we like.
Access static methods with ::
$web = [System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Web")
$web.GetExportedTypes()
$web.GetExportedTypes() | get-member
$web.GetExportedTypes() | WHERE {$_.Name -like '*Mail*'}
$web.GetExportedTypes() | WHERE {$_.Name -like 'MailMessage'} | get-member
[System.Math]::POW(2,3)
Create an instance of a class
$wc = New-object net.webclient
$page = $wc.DownloadString("http://www.ix.de")
$page.length
$page
$xml = [xml]$wc.DownloadString("http://www.twee.net/news/rss.xml")
$xml.rss.channel.item | select title
Access static methods with ::
$web = [System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Web")
$web.GetExportedTypes()
$web.GetExportedTypes() | get-member
$web.GetExportedTypes() | WHERE {$_.Name -like '*Mail*'}
$web.GetExportedTypes() | WHERE {$_.Name -like 'MailMessage'} | get-member
[System.Math]::POW(2,3)
Create an instance of a class
$wc = New-object net.webclient
$page = $wc.DownloadString("http://www.ix.de")
$page.length
$page
$xml = [xml]$wc.DownloadString("http://www.twee.net/news/rss.xml")
$xml.rss.channel.item | select title
Examples
- Remove all Subversion files from a folder cd into location
- Set file dates based on original file dates Use \Data\Presentations\Powershell\TouchDemo\TouchDemo.ps1
- Prepare asp.net deployment
get-childitem . -recurse -filter *.svn -force
ls . -recurse -filter *.svn -force | remove-item -recurse -whatif
Creates Deployment Zip File to be copied to server
- Compiles Web-Sites into multiple assemblies
- Removes Theme Attributes from Page Directives
- Merges all web assemblies into a single one
- Compares new version with last version and
finds all the different files
- Zips the new files into a special zip file.
Build an Assembly- Compiles Web-Sites into multiple assemblies
- Removes Theme Attributes from Page Directives
- Merges all web assemblies into a single one
- Compares new version with last version and
finds all the different files
- Zips the new files into a special zip file.
wds
.\bPersonal.ps1
Change aspx.cs
\Hosts\Topas\TweeNet.Topas.UI.Web\search.aspx.cs
Line 46
Update SolutionInfo.cs
\scripts\packagetopas.ps1
Show 'Include Files' in packagetopas.ps1
Show 'Compare' in common.ps1 Line: 65
Building CmdLets
- Download and install VS Templates
- Write 'Hello World' Cmdlet Create a new Powershell Project
Add item PSCmdlet
Implement ProcessRecord
WriteWarning("Hello Bremen .Net User Group");
Set name 'GroupGreeting' in attribute
Set SnapIn Name 'BremenUG' in PSSnapin.cs
Compile Project
Copy dll path
(as admin) cd $tnDiexit rDotNet2
.\InstallUtil.exe "full assemblyName"
get-pssnapin -registered
add-pssnapin BremenUG
GroupGreeting
Extensions
PowerShell Community Extensions
Many extensions, I use it for email and XML handling.
PowerTab
Tab expansion and 'intellisense' on the command line.
PowerShell Commands for Active Directory
Free Active Directory Management extensions
Exchange 2007
Builtin to the products, does anything the GUI does and more.
PowerShell Provider for IIS 7.0
Full management of IIS plus real time request monitoring.
SQL Server 2008
Builtin, special version
Other Microsoft Products
All future Microsoft server products will have builtin Powershell support.
Preview of Version 2.0
- Graphical Shell, editor with integrated shell
- Transactions
- Many new commandlets
- Remote script execution, but only on Windows 6 with WinRM
Resources
Windows Powershell in Action
Best Powershell book I've read, by Bruce Payette on Manning